Neurological Disorders

Topics
Parkinson's Disease Alzheimer's Disease

    Neurological disorders are conditions that affect the nervous system, including the brain, spinal cord, and nerves throughout the body. They can range from relatively common conditions like migraines and epilepsy to more serious ones like Alzheimer's disease and multiple sclerosis. These disorders can impact a wide range of bodily functions, including movement, sensation, communication, and cognitive abilities.

    Here's a more detailed look:

Neurodegenerative: These disorders involve the progressive loss of nerve cells, often leading to a decline in physical and cognitive function. Examples include Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS).

Neuromuscular: These disorders affect the nerves and muscles, leading to muscle weakness, paralysis, or spasms. Examples include muscular dystrophy and myasthenia gravis.

Brain Conditions: These disorders affect the brain itself, including conditions like epilepsy, stroke, and traumatic brain injury.

Spinal Cord Conditions: These disorders affect the spinal cord, leading to conditions like spinal cord injury and spinal muscular atrophy.

Peripheral Nerve Conditions: These disorders affect the nerves outside the brain and spinal cord, leading to conditions like peripheral neuropathy, carpal tunnel syndrome, and Bell's palsy.

Infections: Various infections, including those caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites, can also affect the nervous system.

Tumors: Brain and spinal cord tumors can also be a cause of neurological disorders.

Neurodevelopmental: These disorders affect the development of the brain and nervous system, and can be present from birth or emerge during childhood. Examples include autism, ADHD, and cerebral palsy.

    Neurological disorders can impact your sleep, memory, communication, and daily functioning. Whether they are present at birth, developed over time, or caused by a traumatic brain injury or other condition, issues with your brain and nervous system functioning can have a serious impact on your mental health. Learn more about these conditions and what you or your loved ones can do to cope.

Key Terms

Autism
Autism, or autism spectrum disorder, is a lifelong neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by challenges with communication and behavior. While parents may notice atypical behaviors or delays earlier, it is commonly diagnosed by age 2.

Learn more: What Is Autism Spectrum Disorder?
Alzheimer's Disease
Alzheimer's disease is a progressive and irreversible brain condition marked by memory loss and confusion. Alzheimer's is a leading cause of death for adults over 65, and is the most common cause of dementia in older adults.

Learn more: Alzheimer's Disease: Symptoms, Stages, and Treatment
Parkinson's Disease
Parkinson's disease is a nervous system disorder that affects the brain's ability to control movement. While this is a progressive condition with no cure, it can be managed with medication and other therapies, often for a long period of time.

Learn more: What Is Parkinson's Disease?
Neurodiversity
Neurodiversity is the idea that it's acceptable for people to have brains that functional differently from one another. This is an embrace of our differences in brain function and behavior, and an attempt to destigmatize conditions like autism and ADHD.

Learn more: Neurodiversity—a New Way of Thinking

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